Also known as: diplomas · charter · official document
Written by attorneys — see sources below.
2 senses
A document that evidences graduation from a school or society.
A document that serves as proof of a license or privilege to practice a profession such as medicine.
Each sense below has its own examples, sources, and questions.
A document that evidences graduation from a school or society.
A document that serves as proof of a license or privilege to practice a profession such as medicine.
Diego Duarte received his diploma from a trade school and used it to secure financing for equipment. When a dispute arose over payments for the sold property, the diploma established his qualification to enter the transaction. The court treated the right to payment as an account under the UCC definition.
Darius Dixon presented his diploma to qualify as an expert witness in a juvenile proceeding. The court required proof beyond a reasonable doubt on every element. The diploma helped establish his credentials for testifying about the required mental state.
Deborah Dunn displayed her diploma when applying to teach in a released-time program. The board challenged the arrangement as violating the establishment clause. The diploma confirmed her professional qualification while the court examined the program's constitutionality.
Danielle Dixon relied on her diploma to practice before an agency whose rules faced a legislative veto challenge. The court examined whether the veto mechanism was constitutional. The diploma served as evidence of her licensed professional status.
Dwight Dorsey presented his diploma when seeking admission to the bar in a new state. Service of process occurred while he was physically present. The court upheld jurisdiction based on that presence.
Deanna Davenport used her diploma to establish credentials as a journalist seeking to publish classified documents. The government sought an injunction against publication. The court addressed whether the prior restraint was permissible.
1 common questions
A diploma evidences graduation from a school or society. It can also prove a license or privilege to practice a profession such as medicine.
…that laws excluding same-sex couples from the marriage right impose stigma and injury of the kind prohibited by our basic charter. Pp. 23–27. (d) The Fourteenth Amendment requires that the States license and recognize same-sex marriages. The judgment of the Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit is reversed, and…