Written by attorneys · grounded in primary & secondary sources — see below
The legal process of resolving a dispute through judicial decision making by a court or other tribunal that applies law to facts and renders a judgment.
Sources & Authorities
How it applies
Common Examples
6
Class Action Impairment Risk
Arcadia Retail faces multiple consumer claims over a defective product. When one plaintiff seeks to litigate individually, the court certifies a class under Rule 23(b)(1)(B) because separate adjudications would dispose of the interests of absent class members by determining the common defect issue.
Former Arbitrator Conflict
Albert Allen served as arbitrator in a contract dispute between Azure Solutions and Alliance Holdings. After the award, Allen joins a firm that represents Azure Solutions in a related matter. The firm must obtain written informed consent from all parties or decline the representation under the rule governing former adjudicative officers.
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Cases
Statutes
Federal Rules
Uniform Acts
Model Codes
Apportionment Challenge
Anika Anand and other voters sue state officials alleging that legislative districts violate equal protection. The court adjudicates the claim on the merits after determining that none of the political question factors bar review, allowing the suit to proceed to judgment on the district boundaries.
Insufficient Recovery Costs
Adam Anderson sues in federal court claiming $120,000 in damages but recovers only $40,000 after trial. The district court adjudges him entitled to less than the jurisdictional amount and exercises discretion to deny costs to Anderson while imposing costs on him under the statute.
Guardianship Capacity Bar
After a court adjudicates Antonio Alvarado mentally ill and places his property under guardianship, he attempts to enter a contract to sell land. The agreement creates no contractual duties because the adjudication removes his capacity to incur such obligations.
Parentage Determination
Alice Atkins petitions to establish that Andrew Avery is the father of her child. The court adjudicates Avery the legal parent under the uniform act after hearing evidence on genetic testing and other factors listed in Article 6.
Common questions
Frequently Asked
5
When does a dismissal operate as an adjudication on the merits?+
Under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(b), a dismissal for failure to prosecute or comply with rules or a court order operates as an adjudication on the merits unless the order states otherwise or the dismissal is for lack of jurisdiction, improper venue, or failure to join a party under Rule 19.
How does adjudication differ from arbitration in dispute resolution?+
Adjudication refers to the judicial process by which a court or tribunal decides a case and renders a judgment, while arbitration is a private alternative dispute resolution process in which a neutral third party decides the dispute outside the court system.
What disclosure duties apply to lawyers in adjudicative proceedings?+
A lawyer participating in an adjudicative proceeding must not knowingly make false statements of fact or law to the tribunal and must take reasonable remedial measures, including disclosure if necessary, when the lawyer knows a person intends to or has engaged in criminal or fraudulent conduct related to the proceeding.
Does an adjudication of mental illness affect contractual capacity?+
A person whose property is placed under guardianship by reason of an adjudication of mental illness or defect has no capacity to incur contractual duties under the Restatement (Second) of Contracts § 13.
When may a court adjudicate a parentage claim under the Uniform Parentage Act?+
A court may adjudicate an individual the parent of a child under Article 6 of the Uniform Parentage Act, and a presumption of parentage may be overcome only by such an adjudication or a valid denial of parentage.
5 U.S. (1 Cranch) 137 (1803)Property
…provided a different mode and enacted that the Secretary of War in conjunction with the Attorney General take measures to obtain adjudication by the Supreme Court on the validity of such rights. A mandamus was moved for to the Secretary at War to place a person on the pension list. The decision was not that a mandamus would not…