Also known as: according to · pursuant to
Written by attorneys · grounded in primary & secondary sources — see below
An adverbial phrase signaling that conduct or a document conforms to a stated requirement or authority. The phrase identifies the source that controls the action or obligation at issue.
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Amelia Amari sued Anchor Bank for breach of a supply contract seeking more than twenty dollars in damages. As per the controlling constitutional directive, she demanded trial by jury. The district court impaneled the jury and later refused to reexamine any fact found by it except under common-law standards.
Andre Antoine retained counsel to structure a real-estate transaction. When counsel learned that the client intended to use the firm to conceal assets from regulators, counsel withdrew. As per the applicable professional-conduct rule, the lawyer terminated the representation once the client persisted in seeking assistance with fraudulent conduct.
Alexis Archer, a voter in a newly drawn congressional district, sued state officials alleging that race predominated in the map-drawing process. As per the equal-protection standard, the court examined whether traditional districting principles had been subordinated and applied strict scrutiny to the plan.
Abigail Alvarez, defendant in a state-court contract action, decided to remove the case to federal court. As per the governing removal statute, she filed a signed notice containing a short statement of the grounds together with copies of all process and pleadings in the district court where the action was pending.
Arthur Abrams petitioned to modify an existing custody decree after the child’s custodian relocated across the state. As per the uniform act standard, the court first determined whether changed circumstances existed and then evaluated whether modification served the child’s best interests before altering the prior order.
Anthony Arnold executed a disclaimer of his interest in a decedent’s estate. As per the uniform probate provision, the disclaimed interest passed according to the instrument’s direction for disposition of disclaimed interests rather than to the disclaimant.
The phrase signals conformity to a requirement or authority. Traditional usage prefers the simpler preposition 'per' in commercial contexts, yet 'as per' remains common when a writer wishes to emphasize adherence to a specific directive or standard.
Supporting sources
…apply to the present case? The power of nominating and appointing by the President are political powers to be exercised by him according to his discretion. When he has made an appointment he has exercised his power. If the officer is by law removable at the will of the President a new appointment may be made; but if the officer…