Also known as: associations · freedom of association · unincorporated association · bar association
Written by attorneys · grounded in primary & secondary sources — see below
An organized group of persons formed to pursue a common purpose or activity. The group may sue or be sued, designate representatives for testimony, and receive or convey property interests under governing rules.
Select any source to read its text and confirm it supports the definition.
Aurora Biotech receives a deposition notice describing topics about its supply contracts. The company designates its compliance officer to testify on its behalf after conferring with the serving party about the matters listed. The officer answers questions using information reasonably available to the organization.
Judge Alvarez previously worked at a firm where a colleague handled the same contract dispute now before the court. The judge discloses the earlier association and steps aside because the colleague participated substantially in the matter.
After Andre Antoine left the firm, the remaining lawyers accept a new client whose interests conflict with a matter Antoine handled. The firm implements screening procedures and provides written notice to the former client to avoid imputation of the conflict.
The Oakridge Neighborhood Association owns apartments it rents only to members of its faith for noncommercial purposes. The association limits occupancy to persons of the same religion without violating fair housing rules.
Amber Alonzo and Austin Abbott begin operating a delivery service, sharing profits and management decisions without a written agreement. Their conduct creates an association that meets the statutory definition of a partnership.
A laboratory accredited by the AABB performs genetic testing in a parentage case. The court accepts the results because the testing meets the statutory standards for reliability and accreditation.
The organization must confer in good faith with the serving party about the matters for examination. It then designates one or more officers, directors, managing agents, or other consenting persons to testify on its behalf about information known or reasonably available to the organization.
Supporting sources
Recusal is required if the judge was associated with a lawyer who participated substantially in the matter during the association. The rule focuses on the substantial participation of the former colleague in the same controversy.
…or osteopaths who are licensed to practice and who have "adequate training." Id. , at 398. 8. The position of the American Bar Association. At its meeting in February 1972 the ABA House of Delegates approved, with 17 opposing votes, the Uniform Abortion Act that had been drafted and approved the preceding August by the…
…and child custody, support, and visitation rules. See Brief for United States as Amicus Curiae 6–9; Brief for American Bar Association as Amicus Curiae 8–29. Valid marriage under state law is also a significant status for over a thousand provisions of federal law. See Windsor , 570 U. S., at – (slip op., at 15–16).…
…NAACP v. Alabama , 357 U. S. 449, 462, we protected the “freedom to associate and privacy in one’s associations
…persons is to misunderstand the nature of the associational freedom
…effects of Bendectin; rather, they have reanalyzed studies published by other scientists, none of whom reported a statistical association
Supporting sources
The firm may proceed unless the matter is the same or substantially related and a remaining lawyer possesses material confidential information. Screening and notice requirements may also apply depending on the timing of the lawyer's departure.
Supporting sources
Yes, a religious organization or association may limit sale, rental, or occupancy of its noncommercial dwellings to persons of the same religion. The preference is allowed unless membership in the religion itself is restricted on account of race, color, or national origin.
Supporting sources
An association of two or more persons to carry on as co-owners a business for profit forms a partnership, whether or not the persons intend to form one. The term includes a limited liability partnership.
Supporting sources