Also known as: grand jury investigation · grand-jury investigation · grand-jury investigations · grand jury probe · grand jury inquiry
Written by attorneys · grounded in primary & secondary sources — see below
An investigative proceeding in which a grand jury examines evidence to decide whether probable cause supports an indictment. The proceeding operates ex parte and confers broad authority to subpoena witnesses and documents when conducted in good faith.
Greta Goldstein published articles based on a confidential source inside Griffin Industries. A grand jury investigating possible securities fraud issued a subpoena for her testimony and source identity. The court denied her motion to quash and ordered her to appear and answer questions.
Gavin Grant testified before a grand jury about alleged kickbacks at Greenleaf Farms. He later moved to suppress his testimony on Fourth Amendment grounds. The court ruled that any illegality in obtaining evidence did not prevent its use in the grand jury proceeding itself.
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Gloria Green received a grand jury subpoena for business records of Galaxy Technologies. She asserted that producing the documents would incriminate her. The court held that the act of production itself enjoyed Fifth Amendment protection and required immunity before compliance.
Gwen Gallagher was subpoenaed by a grand jury probing bank fraud at Gable Construction. Prosecutors sought a voice exemplar for comparison with recorded calls. The court enforced the subpoena because the exemplar was not testimonial and fell outside Fifth Amendment protection.
Guadalupe Gallegos's defense investigator prepared notes during a prior grand jury matter involving Griffin Industries. A new grand jury subpoena sought those notes. The court ordered production because the work-product doctrine does not shield materials from grand jury compulsion.
Gretchen Graham was subpoenaed to provide a voice sample in a grand jury probe of telemarketing fraud at Galaxy Technologies. She refused on self-incrimination grounds. The court upheld the subpoena because producing the sample was not a communicative act protected by the Fifth Amendment.
No. The First Amendment does not grant journalists a privilege to refuse to testify before grand juries or to withhold confidential sources in good-faith investigations.
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Yes when the recipients are government personnel the prosecutor deems necessary to assist in enforcing federal criminal law and the prosecutor provides the required notice and certification to the court.
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No. Grand juries may investigate on mere suspicion and issue subpoenas without first establishing probable cause for any particular witness or target.
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…that stage was no less "critical" than trial itself. See 378 U. S., 485-488. This is hardly persuasive when we consider that a grand jury inquiry, the filing of a certiorari petition, and certainly the purchase of narcotics by an undercover agent from a prospective defendant may all be equally "critical" yet provision of counsel and…