Written by attorneys · grounded in primary & secondary sources — see below
A Latin verb meaning to show, point out, or demonstrate a fact, intention, or condition through words, conduct, or an instrument.
Sources & Authorities· 34 primary sources
Select any source to read its text and confirm it supports the definition.
Cases
Statutes
How it applies
Common Examples
6
Retraction Before Reliance
Ira Irving told Ivy Investments he would not perform the supply contract. Two days later Ira sent a message retracting that statement. Ivy had not yet altered its production schedule, so the retraction prevented Ivy from treating the original statement as a final repudiation.
Scope of Duty in Res Ipsa
India Inoue was injured when equipment fell in Inertia Dynamics' plant. Evidence eliminated other causes and showed the fall occurred because of negligence within the plant operator's duty to maintain safe premises for invitees.
Imran Iyer executed a new will that revoked his 2015 will. Two years later he signed a codicil stating he wished the 2015 will to govern his estate. The codicil language revived the earlier will under the applicable revival rule.
Partnership Name on Deed
Iain Irons and Ismael Ibrahim bought warehouse property. The deed named the partnership Inertia Dynamics and listed the two men as partners. The instrument therefore acquired the property in the partnership name.
Advancement Indicated in Writing
Ivy Ibarra received a large cash gift from her father during his lifetime. His contemporaneous letter stated the gift should reduce her share of his intestate estate. The letter caused the gift to be treated as an advancement.
Settlor's Intent to Create Trust
Imperial Motors transferred assets to a bank and executed a document declaring the assets would be held for the benefit of its retirees. The document showed the company's intention to create a trust.
Common questions
Frequently Asked
3
What does it mean when a legal rule requires a party to indicate an intention?+
The rule requires the party to show or demonstrate the intention through words, writing, or conduct that a reasonable observer would understand as expressing that intention.
Supporting sources
Does indicating a fact require a formal writing?+
No. Indication may occur through any words or conduct that sufficiently demonstrate the fact to the relevant party.
Supporting sources
When does a retraction nullify an earlier indication of repudiation?+
A retraction nullifies the repudiation when notice of the retraction reaches the injured party before that party materially changes position in reliance on the repudiation.
410 U.S. 113 (1973)Constitutional Law
…serious jeopardy. Modern medical techniques have altered this situation. Appellants and various amici refer to medical data indicating that abortion in early pregnancy, that is, prior to the end of the first trimester, although not without its risk, is now relatively safe. Mortality rates for women undergoing early…