Also known as: among others
Written by attorneys · grounded in primary & secondary sources — see below
An adverbial phrase indicating that a legal rule or statement applies to certain persons in addition to those specifically identified.
Select any source to read its text and confirm it supports the definition.
Marie created a charitable trust to support local farms. After the trustee diverted funds to a national expo, Marie sued to enforce the trust terms. The court permitted the action because the settlor, among others, holds standing to enforce a charitable trust.
A witness refused to testify in a proceeding involving separate parties. The court recognized that the Fifth Amendment protects a person called to give evidence inter alios against later use of that testimony against himself.
A plaintiff filed a federal action seeking equitable relief on a state-law claim. The court applied the state statute of limitations because the suit was brought inter alios with other parties whose rights were governed by that law.
Police relied on a warrant later found invalid. The court held the evidence admissible because the officers acted in good faith, a principle applied inter alios to similar cases involving negligent recordkeeping.
A defendant claimed a religious duty to practice polygamy. The court rejected the defense, noting that criminal laws apply inter alios to all citizens regardless of personal belief.
A state prosecuted individuals for burning a cross on private property. The court analyzed whether the statute reached protected speech when applied inter alios to different factual settings.
It means among other persons and signals that a rule or holding extends to additional unnamed parties beyond those expressly listed.
Supporting sources
Section 405(c) states that the settlor of a charitable trust, among others, may maintain a proceeding to enforce the trust, confirming that additional parties besides the settlor also possess standing.
Supporting sources
Yes. Courts have used the phrase when discussing protections that apply to a witness testifying in a proceeding involving other parties, as seen in self-incrimination analysis.
Supporting sources
…condemned as immoral by the state itself in most Western nations, a belief often embodied in the criminal law. For this reason, among others, many persons did not deem homosexuals to have dignity in their own distinct identity. A truthful declaration by same-sex couples of what was in their hearts had to remain unspoken. Even…