Written by attorneys · grounded in primary & secondary sources — see below
A distinct tract or portion of land identified for separate ownership, use, or disposition.
Sources & Authorities
How it applies
Common Examples
6
Zoning Restriction Challenged
Paige Porter owns a large tract that the city zones for residential use only. The ordinance places her entire holding in a single residential district even though the southern half fronts a commercial corridor. She sues, claiming the classification arbitrarily deprives her of beneficial use of that southern portion.
Collateral Sale in Parcels
Pioneer Energy holds a security interest in two pieces of equipment and one parcel of real estate owned by Penelope Price. After default, Pioneer sells the equipment at a public auction and the real estate at a private sale on different dates. Both dispositions are conducted separately to maximize recovery.
Select any source to read its text and confirm it supports the definition.
Cases
Statutes
Uniform Acts
Common Law
Restatements
Casebooks
Patrick Phan requests rezoning of a single half-acre lot from agricultural to commercial use while surrounding parcels remain agricultural. The city council grants the change without showing any public purpose beyond benefiting Phan. Neighboring owners sue, alleging the amendment is invalid spot zoning.
Statute of Frauds Memorandum
Piper Patel signs a letter expressing interest in leasing land from Philip Powell. After further talks the parties sign a second document that omits the legal description. The two writings together are offered as a memorandum sufficient to satisfy the statute for the eight-year lease.
Appurtenant Easement
Priya Prasad owns Lot A and grants an access easement across it to the owner of Lot B. The easement deed states the right is held only by whoever owns Lot B. When Lot B is sold, the new owner claims the benefit runs with that parcel.
Partition by Sale
Pulse Media and Peak Performance own a rural tract as tenants in common. Physical division would create two parcels too small to meet current zoning minimums. The court orders sale of the entire tract and division of proceeds rather than partition in kind.
Common questions
Frequently Asked
6
When may a court invalidate a zoning classification applied to one parcel?+
A court may invalidate the classification when the restriction bears no substantial relation to public health, safety, or welfare and arbitrarily deprives the owner of beneficial use of that specific land.
Supporting sources
May a secured party dispose of collateral in separate parcels under the UCC?+
Yes. UCC § 9-610(b) expressly permits disposition as a unit or in parcels provided every aspect of the disposition is commercially reasonable.
Supporting sources
What makes a rezoning of a single parcel invalid spot zoning?+
Spot zoning is invalid when it singles out one parcel for a use inconsistent with the surrounding zone and cannot be justified by a legitimate public purpose.
Supporting sources
Can multiple signed writings together satisfy the statute of frauds for a land lease?+
Yes. When two or more documents signed by the party to be charged clearly relate to the same transaction, they may be read together even if neither refers to the other.
Supporting sources
What does it mean for a servitude benefit to be appurtenant to a parcel?+
A servitude benefit is appurtenant when it is tied to ownership or occupancy of a particular parcel and can be held only by the owner or occupier of that land.
Supporting sources
When may a court order partition by sale instead of partition in kind?+
A court may order sale when physical characteristics or legal constraints such as zoning make a fair and equitable physical division impossible.
Supporting sources
384 U.S. 436 (1966)Evidence
…applies to every defendant, whether the professional criminal or one committing a crime of momentary passion who is not part and parcel of organized crime. It will slow down the investigation and the apprehension of confederates in those cases where time is of the essence, such as kidnapping, see Brinegar v. United States ,…