Also known as:unanimously · unanimity · unanimous consent · unanimous verdict
Written by attorneys · grounded in primary & secondary sources — see below
A state of complete accord reached only when every participant consents without dissent.
Sources & Authorities
How it applies
Common Examples
6
Civil Jury Returns Verdict
Una Unger sued Urban Logistics after a delivery truck damaged her warehouse. At trial the six jurors deliberated and all six agreed the company was liable. The foreperson announced the finding in open court and the judge entered judgment for Unger.
Criminal Jury Announces Guilt
Uriah Urban stood trial for wire fraud in federal court. After two days the jury returned to the courtroom. The foreperson stated that every juror found Urban guilty on both counts and the judge accepted the verdict.
Supreme Court Strikes Ban
Ulf Ulfsson and his fiancée challenged a state statute that barred their marriage because of race. All nine justices agreed the law violated the Fourteenth Amendment. The Court reversed the convictions and declared the statute invalid.
Select any source to read its text and confirm it supports the definition.
Cases
Federal Rules
Uniform Acts
Model Codes
Restatements
Dictionaries
Shareholders Remove Director
Ultimate Solutions held its annual meeting. More shareholders voted to remove director Ursula Upton than voted to retain her. The corporation recorded the removal because the votes satisfied the statutory threshold.
Cotrustees Approve Sale
Una Ueda and Usman Uddin served as cotrustees of a family trust. They could not agree on whether to sell a parcel of land. The third cotrustee joined Uddin in favor of the sale, so the trust proceeded with the transaction under majority rule.
Court Upholds Landmark Law
Union Steel challenged a city ordinance that designated its terminal a historic landmark. All participating justices agreed the regulation did not constitute a taking. The Court affirmed the ordinance and left the designation in place.
Penn Central Transportation Co. et al. v. New York City438 U.S. 104, 98 S.Ct. 2646, 57 L.Ed.2d 631 (1978)
Common questions
Frequently Asked
5
What happens if a federal criminal jury cannot reach a unanimous verdict?+
The court may direct further deliberations or declare a mistrial. A non-unanimous verdict cannot support a conviction.
Supporting sources
Does the Constitution require unanimous verdicts in state criminal trials?+
Yes. The Sixth Amendment, incorporated against the states, requires unanimous jury verdicts to convict a defendant of a serious offense.
Supporting sources
When may cotrustees act without unanimous agreement?+
Cotrustees who cannot reach a unanimous decision may act by majority decision under the Uniform Trust Code.
Supporting sources
What vote is required to remove a director under the Model Business Corporation Act?+
A director may be removed if the number of votes cast to remove exceeds the number cast not to remove, unless the articles or bylaws require a greater number.
Supporting sources
What must a civil jury verdict satisfy under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 48?+
Unless the parties stipulate otherwise, the verdict must be unanimous and returned by a jury of at least six members.
Supporting sources
410 U.S. 113 (1973)Constitutional Law
…does not begin until live birth. This was the belief of the Stoics.[^maj-56] It appears to be the predominant, though not the unanimous, attitude of the Jewish faith.[^maj-57] It may be taken to represent also the position of a large segment of the Protestant community, insofar as that can be ascertained; organized groups…