Also known as: agricultural · agriculturally
Written by attorneys · grounded in primary & secondary sources — see below
The science or art of cultivating soil, harvesting crops, and raising livestock.
Angela Acosta purchases tractors and harvesters from a dealer who had granted a lender an interest in the equipment to secure a loan for agricultural operations. She pays full value and takes immediate delivery without any notice of the lender's interest. The lender's claim does not follow the equipment into her hands.
Avalon Pharmaceuticals operates a large orchard employing seasonal workers. A state regulation requires the company to allow union organizers onto the property three times per week for solicitation. The company challenges the rule as an uncompensated appropriation of its land used for crop production.
Select any source to read its text and confirm it supports the definition.
Alfred Ashford supplies seed and fertilizer to a cooperative under an agreement that creates an interest in the upcoming wheat crop. The cooperative files the required statement before the crop is planted. The interest remains enforceable against later creditors once the wheat is harvested.
Anita Ali holds an agricultural lien on a dairy herd perfected by possession. She later files a financing statement covering the same animals. The lien remains continuously perfected without any gap in protection against third parties.
Anthony Arnold extends credit to a cattle operation secured by the herd and feed inventory. To ensure priority, he files a financing statement describing the livestock and supplies. Without the filing the interest would remain unperfected against most competing claims.
Alice Atkins obtains a judgment against a vineyard owner and levies on the grape crop before any financing statement covering the crop is filed. Her rights as lien creditor take precedence over the unperfected agricultural interest.
An agricultural lien arises by statute in favor of suppliers of farm inputs or services and becomes effective without a security agreement. It is perfected under the same filing rules that govern security interests once the statutory requirements are met.
A buyer who gives value, receives delivery, and lacks knowledge of the lien before it is perfected takes the crops free of the lien under the buyer-protection rule.
A rule that forces agricultural employers to allow intermittent but repeated entry by union organizers effects a per se physical taking requiring just compensation.
A financing statement must be filed to perfect the lien unless an exception applies. Once filed and the lien has become effective, perfection is complete.
…that East Cleveland has another ordinance specifically addressed to the problem of overcrowding. See United States Dept. of Agriculture v. Moreno , 413 U. S. 528, 536-537 (1973). Section 1351.03 limits population density directly, tying the maximum permissible occupancy of a dwelling to the habitable floor area. Even if…