Also known as: reasonably related · related in scope · scope requirement · reasonably related scope
Written by attorneys · grounded in primary & secondary sources — see below
A standard requiring that the extent or intensity of an action or measure correspond to the circumstances or objective that initially justified it. The standard prevents overreach by limiting the scope of the intrusion or obligation to what the justifying facts or purpose reasonably support.
Rina Rahman, admitted only in State B, travels to State A to assist a client in a single federal court hearing expected to last two days. She files a notice of appearance and participates solely in that proceeding. Because her services stay within the bounds of the pending matter and she anticipates formal authorization, the temporary practice satisfies the required connection to the tribunal proceeding.
Riverstone Manufacturing owns units in a common-interest community. The association imposes a $40 fee on each owner who uses the shared fitness center. The fee covers only the documented costs of cleaning, equipment maintenance, and utility usage directly attributable to center operations. Because the charge matches the actual expenses of providing the service, it meets the required connection to the association's costs.
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Renata Russo, a licensed attorney and CPA, places an advertisement listing both credentials. The state bar challenges the listing as potentially misleading. Because the designations are accurate and the state offers no evidence that they deceive the public, the truthful statement satisfies the required connection to protected commercial speech.
Ricardo Rojas advertises that clients pay no fee if there is no recovery. The state requires him to add a sentence clarifying that clients may still owe costs. Because the added statement corrects a specific risk of misunderstanding created by the advertisement, the disclaimer satisfies the required connection to preventing consumer deception.
Riley Rivera, a high-school student, is seen smoking in the lavatory. The assistant principal opens her purse and finds cigarettes plus rolling papers and a small quantity of marijuana. Because the items discovered are directly tied to the initial suspicion of a school-rule violation, the search stays within the required connection to its justifying circumstances.
Raphael Rivera and two companions pace repeatedly in front of a store, conferring and peering inside. An officer approaches, pats down their outer clothing, and finds a pistol. Because the pat-down is limited to detecting weapons and is based on the officer's reasonable suspicion that the men are armed, the intrusion satisfies the required connection to the circumstances that prompted the stop.
The standard requires that the search be justified at its inception by reasonable suspicion and that its measures remain tied to the initial suspicion without becoming excessively intrusive given the student's age, sex, and the nature of the suspected infraction.
Yes. Fees for services or use of common property must match the actual costs of providing the service or maintaining the property unless the declaration expressly authorizes a different basis.
A state may require a factual, noncontroversial disclaimer when the advertisement would otherwise be misleading and the disclaimer is limited to preventing that deception.
…in promoting its interest in the health of the mother, may, if it chooses, regulate the abortion procedure in ways that are reasonably related to maternal health. Pp. 163-164. (e) For the stage subsequent to viability, the State in promoting its interest in the potentiality of human life may, if it chooses, regulate, and even…